Do you think that Mary Tudor deserved her title “Bloody Mary”?

History has not been kind to Mary Tudor. Compared to what followed, her reign seems like a brief but misguided attempt to hold back England's inevitable transformation to Protestantism. Compared to what came before, her regime looks like the regressive episode of a hysterical woman. Considered on its own terms, however, the regime appears much more complex, leading contributors to this volume of essays to reach far different conclusions about her reign: reestablishing traditional religion in England was an enormous undertaking that required rebuilding the Marian Church from the bottom up.Moreover, given more time it might have succeeded. Finally, as these essays continually remind us, concepts differentiating Catholicism from Protestantism — ideas taken for granted today — were still being sorted out during this period. David Loades's introduction begins the volume by surveying the disturbance in religion during Mary's lifetime. He links the spread of humanism and class ical scholarship to a substantial portion of this disturbance because it created an educated populace capable of raising questions about religious practices for which the traditional Church had no answers.Mary herself received a first-rate humanistic education and contemporaries even considered her well-educated. Loades suggests that, instead of unquestioningly embracing the tenants of the traditional Catholic faith, Mary was a â€Å"conservative humanist with an extremely insular point of view† (18). Nevertheless, her humanistic training did not extend to her devotion to the sacrament of the altar and her uncritical acceptance of the doctrine of transubstantiation. Ultimately, her uncompromising position on the latter would cause the downfall of many.After this introduction, the first section of the volume, entitled â€Å"The Process,† explores obstacles confronting the restoration of Catholicism in England, beginning with David Loades's examination of the degraded st ate of the episcopacy upon Mary's accession, and her administration's attempts to restore it. Next, Claire Cross discusses Marian efforts to enact Catholic reforms in those strongholds of Protestant dissent, the English universities. The queen's decision to restore a community of monks at Westminster is the subject of a study by C.S. Knighton, who includes a detailed appendix identifying members of this community.In the section's last essay, Ralph Houlbrooke argues that swift acquiescence by one of Norwich's leading evangelical ministers, and the diligence of clergy and Church courts in upholding the Marian restoration, helped Norwich avoid large-scale persecution. Essays in the volume's second section, â€Å"Cardinal Pole,† focus on his role in reestablishing the legitimacy of the restored Church. Thomas F.Mayer begins with an analysis of various court documents, and concludes that even though Paul IV had apparently revoked Pole's legatine office, the matter remained unsettl ed, and Pole probably continued to function in that capacity until the end of Mary's reign. In the following chapter, Pole's 1557 St. Andrew's Day sermon provides evidence for Eamon Duffy's defense of the cardinal's record — not only as an outspoken advocate for the importance of preaching, but also as a hard-nosed realist confronting an entire population of apostatized Londoners.In the final essay of this section, John Edwards reveals that, unlike English documents, records from the Spanish and Roman Inquisitions indicate greater Spanish involvement in the restoration of English Catholicism than has been previously recognized. The subject of the final section of this book, â€Å"The Culture,† undertakes issues regarding the Marian Church and its people. Lucy Wooding's essay considers how the multiple layers of symbolism found in the Mass provided a wide focal point for popular piety in the restored Church.In his essay on the theological works of Thomas Watson, William Wizeman, S. J. , discusses Marian efforts to reeducate worshipers who, after a generation of religious turmoil, were unfamiliar with even the basic tenets of Catholicism. In the following chapter, Gary G. Gibbs reconsiders the eyewitness evidence provided by one Henry Machyn, Merchant Taylor of London, concluding that the Marian regime had indeed connected with enough loyal subjects to provide the queen with an effective base of power

Mole Ratio of Chemical Reactions Essay

OBJECTIVE In this experiment, you will determine the number of moles of reactants and products present in the reaction of copper and silver nitrate, and calculate their mole-to-mole ratio. The mole-to-mole ratio relating to the disappearance of copper and the formation of silver metal will be used to write the balanced equation for the reaction. The reaction of copper metal with silver nitrate solution is a single replacement reaction, represented by the following unbalanced equation: Cu(s) + AgNO3(aq) → Cu(NO3)2(aq) + Ag(s) The values of the coefficients can be determined experimentally by measuring the mass of copper wire that reacts with the mass of silver that is produced in the above reaction. BACKGROUND MATERIALS NEEDED The reaction of copper and silver nitrate in aqueous solution provides an interesting display of chemistry in action – delicate silver crystals begin to grow on the wire surface and the colour of copper(II) ions gradually appears in the solution. Stoichiometry is the area of chemistry that deals with the numerical relationships and mathematical proportions of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. One of the most important lessons of stoichiometry is that the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction are related to one another on a mole basis. Chemical reactions are normally represented by balanced chemical equations. The coefficients in a balanced chemical equation summarize the relative number of moles of each reactant and product involved in a chemical reaction. The ratios of these coefficients represent the mole-to-mole (or simply mole) ratios that govern the disappearance of reactants and the appearance of products. Knowing the mole ratios in a bala nced chemical equation is essential to solving stoichiometry problems. General Chemistry 1 Lab Acetone Copper wire 3 M HNO3 AgNO3, silver nitrate 50 mL beaker 100 or 150 mL beaker Toothpick Stirring rod Wash bottle 50 mL measuring cylinder SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Nitric acid is a corrosive liquid and strong oxidizer. Silver nitrate is a corrosive solid and is toxic by ingestion; it will stain skin and clothes. Acetone is a flammable liquid – avoid contact with flames and other sources of ignition. Avoid contact of all chemicals with eyes, skin, and clothing. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water before leaving the laboratory area. Page | 1 PROCEDURE 1. Obtain a clean, dry 50 mL beaker. Carefully add 1.40 – 1.60 g of silver nitrate crystals to the beaker. Caution: use a spatula to transfer the solid. Do not touch the silver nitrate and carefully clean up any spilled material on the balance or the bench top. 2. Measure and record the exact mass of silver nitrate to the nearest 0.01 g. 3. Fill the beaker with 30 mL of distilled water and stir the mixture with a s tirring rod until all the solid has dissolved. Rinse the stirring rod over the beaker with a little distilled water. 4. Take a piece of copper wire and loosely coil it. 5. Find the initial mass of the copper wire to the nearest 0.01 g and record it. 6. Use a toothpick to suspend the copper wire in the silver nitrate solution. The copper wire should not be touching the bottom or sides of the beaker. 7. Carefully add 3 drops of 3 M HNO3 to the beaker. Do NOT stir the solution. 8. Allow the beaker to sit on the lab bench for 15 minutes. Try not to jostle or shake the suspended copper wire in any way. 9. Observe the signs of chemical reaction occurring in the beaker and record all observations. 10. While the reaction is taking place, label a 100 or 150 mL beaker with your name and class session. Measure and record the mass of this beaker. 11. After 15 minutes, gently lift the toothpick to remove the copper wire from the solution. 12. Holding the wire with the wooden toothpick, place the copper wire above the 100 or 150 mL beaker. Rinse the wire with a steady stream of distilled water from a wash bottle. The silver crystals should easily fall off the wire into the beaker. Gently shake the wire and rinse with General Chemistry 1 Lab water until no more silver adheres to the wire. Note: Use a total of about 40 mL of distilled water. 13. When all of the silver has been removed, lift the copper wire out of the beaker and place it in anot her beaker containing acetone. The acetone will clean the wire surface and allow it to dry more quickly. Note: Several groups can share this same rinse beaker of acetone. 14. Remove the copper wire from the acetone beaker and allow it to air dry for 3-4 minutes. 15. Measure and record the final mass of the copper wire. Note the appearance of the leftover wire and record your observations. 16. Examine the beaker containing the silver product. Most of the silver should have settled into a dense mass at the bottom of the beaker. Carefully decant the liquid into a waste flask to remove most of the water. Note: Try not to lose any of the solid in the process. 17. Rinse the solid with 5-10 mL of distilled water from a wash bottle. Decant the rinse water into the waste water flask as well. 18. Repeat the rinsing and decanting cycle with a second portion of distilled water. 19. Discard the waste water in the large beaker in the fume hood. 20. When all of the water has been decanted, place the labelled beaker containing th e silver product on the warming tray in the fume hood. 21. Allow the solid to dry overnight. 22. When the solid is dry, measure and record the final mass of the beaker plus silver solid. Page | 2 PRE-LAB QUESTIONS 1. Define: a. Law of Conservation of Matter b. Molar mass c. Mole d. Stoichiometry e. Limiting reagent 2. Solve: a. Using the balanced equation for the reaction of aluminum with iodine, answer the following questions: 2 Al (s) + 3 I2 (s) → Al2I6 (s) i. How many moles of Al2I6 are produced by the reaction of 4.0 mol of aluminum? ii. How many moles of I2 are required to react exactly with 0.429 mol of aluminium? b. What mass of sodium hydroxide, NaOH, would be required to produce 16 g of the antacid milk of magnesia [magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)2] by the reaction of magnesium chloride, MgCl2, with NaOH? MgCl2 (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) → Mg(OH)2 (s) + 2 NaCl (aq) i. Which reactant is limiting? ii. How much water will the reaction produce? POST-LAB QUESTIONS 1. Calculate the mass and moles of copper wire that reacted in this experiment. Show your calculations. 2. Calculate the mass and moles of the silver produced in this experiment. Show your calculations. 3. Determine the mole ratio – the ratio of the number of moles of silver to the number of moles of copper. Round the result to the nearest whole number. Show your calculations. 4. Use the silver/copper mole ratio to write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction of copper and silver nitrate. 5. What was the limiting reagent in this experiment? Show all calculations and explain your answer. 6. Given what you know about copper, silver nitrate and this kind of single replacement reaction, what would you have predicted the balanced chemical equation to be? 7. Explain the possible differences between Question 4 and Question 6. 8. Do the results of your experiment support the Law of Conservation of Matter? Explain. c. Calculate the mass of oxygen gas, O2, required for the combustion of 702 g of octane, C8H18. 2 C8H18 + 25 O2 (g) → 16 CO2 (g) + 18 H2 O (l) d. A mixture of 5.0 g of H2 (g) and 10.0 g of O2 (g) is ignited. Water forms according to the following addition reaction: 2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 H2O (g) General Chemistry 1 Lab

The American Revolution and Independence Day Celebration

The American Revolution and Independence Day Celebration Introduction Every Fourth of July, all Americans celebrate the Declaration of independence. Marina in his article â€Å"Only a third of Americans supported the American Revolution† wonders what exactly is celebrated on this day, especially when one considers the fact that the US is usually involved in bringing democracy in the world. He argues that he does not really understand why a country such as the US pretends to be democratic in the world when the American Revolution, in itself, was not a democratic movement.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on The American Revolution and Independence Day Celebration specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This article will help us understand the American Revolution and determine whether Americans have a reason to celebrate Independency Day every Fourth of July or not, whether all American supported the war, and whether the Revolution taints American image in its democratic inter ventions in the world. The American Revolution The American Revolution witnessed the first of many wars that ended European control of both South and North America. Many of us American celebrate the Independency Day believing that all Americans fought or supported the war to independence. This article shows that actually not every American supported the revolutionary war, or in other words, not all Americans sided with fellow Americans in the war. The author Marina shows that not all Americans favored the war. This was mostly pronounced in areas occupied by mixed races and those that had not been affected by the war. Two specific regions stood out, these were the two loyal colonies to Britain, Quebec and Florida. Records show that there were fifteen British colonies in America, meaning that thirteen colonies didn’t like the way the British was ruling with the exception of Florida and Quebec. It is also shown that many Native Americans sided with the British because the coloni al power promised to protect their land from the American settlers. One notable Native American who supported the British was Joseph Brant who worked with the British as their translator and fought alongside them in the war.[1] The author claimed that a letter written by John Adams during the war indicated that only a third of Americans supported the revolution, a third did not support it, and the other third were either neutral or indifferent to the revolution. The author further shows that the British also had the same view, a fact the compelled them to venture into the interior with the hope that they would find British loyalists there. They strongly believed that just a few rebellious Americans wanted independence from them. This letter has been held to be true by many intellectuals in America for many years. However, Marina says that a close look at the letter shows that its writer was emphatic about the neutral part, which, he said were lukewarm to the French and the British. He therefore concludes that the Revolutionary war was not just a war for independence, but it also determined the type of nation that would be formed out of the war.[2]Advertising Looking for article on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For us to understand better the American Revolution, Marina splits it into three phases. The first was the debate over the freedoms or liberties of Americans after the war. The second phase he called it the issue of independence and the ensuing war to win it. The last phase was the eventual formation of an American nation. This last phase was not achieved until after the civil war. He has also shown us that majority of the Americans were against the Stamp Act of 1765. This Act led to the British occupation of Boston, an act that led to the 1770 Boston Massacre, the 1773 tea party and many opposition acts. For a while the British thought that end of protests meant victory on the ir part, but this was just the opposite because American militias were busy organizing themselves in the villages. They eventually waged war which ended British rule in America.[3] This author has tried to answer the question as to whether all Americans supported the revolutionary war by showing that only a third of Americans supported the war. He has not conclusively tackled this issue; instead he ends by promising that this will be the subject of another article. The question on whether Americans should celebrate Independence Day or not has not been answered. He also leaves us in suspense regarding America’s intervention in the democratic process in the world. He only briefly mentions that America’s independence war was not democratic. He also alludes to it when he mentions that the British thought that the end of protests meant victory to them, just as what happened to America and the issue in the Middle East. Marina has only given us part of what happened, he has n ot resolved the issues he started with, in other words, he has just given open-ended answers that need more research to better understand what really occurred.[4] Conclusion Although, this article does not answer all the questions, it has at least raised my curiosity about the American history, whether everyone supported it, whether we should celebrate Independence Day, and whether we should be the one advocating for democracy in the world. This gives me reason to read more for a better clarification of these issues. Bibliography History, Wiz. â€Å"Native Americans and the American Revolution.† History wiz, 2008. Web. Marina, William. â€Å"Only 1/3rd of Americans Supported the American Revolution?† History News Network, 2004. Web.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on The American Revolution and Independence Day Celebration specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Footnotes History Wiz, â€Å"Native Americans and the American Revolution.† (History Wiz, 2008) Marina William, â€Å"Only 1/3rd of Americans Supported the American Revolution?† (History News Network, 2004) Marina William, â€Å"Only 1/3rd of Americans Supported the American Revolution?† (History News Network, 2004) Marina William, â€Å"Only 1/3rd of Americans Supported the American Revolution?† (History News Network, 2004)

The Life Given Through Adoption Professor Ramos Blog

The Life Given Through Adoption Adoption is something that helps the children and the people who want a child to warm their heart. There aren’t a lot of people who really know and understand the meaning of adoption. Usually everyone knows the basics like, people adopt, because they want to help a child, can’t have a child, or just want government money which is really sad. These things are what I and everyone else think of what adoption is, but there is so many other important facts about adoption that I never knew before. After researching about adoption I found out good and bad things about it. As a person that doesn’t know a whole lot, reading articles based on adoption has blown my mind. In an article named â€Å" The Waiting Game† written by: Prue Leith, she tells her story on how her husband was adopted as a little boy, Then her and her husband adopted their child and now their child is adopting their grandchild. She also states how different it has changed since she had adopted he r daughter. Prue states, â€Å"There are now nearly 73,000 looked after children in the UK, rising every year, and it gets increasingly difficult to place them as they get older† in which is very true and heartbreaking, because it is harder for the older children to get adopted. It is so hard, because nowadays a lot of people want babies or little kids so they could be able to raise them. I think that everyone should know the real facts about adoption, because it’s something very important. I believe that people who care and help out are the people who deserve an award, because adoption brings out happiness and sadness at the sametime. As I was doing my research I never knew that adopting a child came with having to do so much work, while trying to adopt and when you’ve have already adopted your child. In this article that I read written by, Asher Folg she stated a lot of interesting facts about the children who are waiting for families to bring them to a new home. She said â€Å" One out of every 25 U.S. families with children have an adopted child† which is new to me, because I never knew about this fact. Another think that she said that really blew my mind was ,† There are 107,918 foster children waiting to be adopted† while reading this my heart dropped didn’t know that there were so many kids in the fostering system just waiting in group homes having hope for a family to come along. Thinking of how these children feel make me sad, because I know most of the kids aren’t in great homes while in the system and I just don’t understand how the government could get put kids in homes when the environment is bad for them. There needs to be a change and a lot more effort on the government side. Did you know that there are three types of adoption? Well they have types of adoption while your in the process so as the singles or couples are looking and trying to find out how to adopt a child. They are given a choice on which type of adoption they going to go through to get there new loving baby or child. While I was reading the article, â€Å"Adoption† by: Gale Encyclopedia of Everyday Law, she mentioned â€Å" When individuals or couples choose to adopt, the have options.† Reading the different types were very interesting, because I never knew that there was a choice given or that the individuals and couples had a say on the looks of the child they were going to adopt. I would think that people wouldn’t care about what there child looked like. Right? But no people really care and expect to find a certain child to look like the way the parents whom are adopting describe what they want. Which is very sad. I guess it’s okay in a way to a lot of other people because of the money they pay to adopt a child that isn’t in the foster care. Types Of Adoption Domestic Adoption This type of adoption is when the singles or couples want to adopt a child who has the same culture as they do. Also to look physically like the parents who are adopting like the race in particular. Multiethnic Adoptions This type  of adoption are when the parent or parents don’t particularly mind what  culture or ethnicity the child is. In other words they don’t care what kind of child they are going to adopt, because they are going to love the child anyways.   International Adoptions The last type of adoption are adopting children who live overseas. In which adopting  from different countries which a little bit easier than the other types. Even though it’s easier it comes along with adding more steps to the whole process. Also adds having to understand our government rules and their child whom is getting adopted country as well. After all these facts that I have found with the research of articles. I could say that there is a lot of important factors that come with adopting children. I hope after reading this research paper it has helped you as much as it helped me understand more about how complicated adopting could be. Work Cited Leith, Prue. The Adoption Waiting Game. The Spectator (London), May, 2018. SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks.sirs.com. This article talks about a married couple who the husband was adopted as a child, also how they both adopted a Cambodian girl named li-da which she is going to adopt a child. The main things that I read was about the whole process of adopting a child and the visitations that happen throughout the whole process. The writer of this article Prue Leith is a cookery writer, novelist, businesswoman, and a journalist.   I am using this source into my report by showing how adoption isn’t easy at all. On how there are many things that needs to be done while in the process and having people show up surprise at your home. The article is teaching me things I never knew and thats how I am putting it in the report as a learning process. Adoption. Gale Encyclopedia of Everyday Law, edited by Gale, 3rd edition, 2013. Credo Reference, https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/galegel/adoption/0?institutionId=5312 . Accessed 26 July. 2018 This article talks about the different types of adoption. The types are of what the type of kids the people who want to adopt end up choosing. Also it’s about all the hard obstacles that the people who want to adopt a child have to face. I am using this source in my report by showing my peers that there are different types of being able to adopt a child. Another reason is how hard it is to help a child have a better life than what they have. This source is reliable because   I found it on the library database under the resources. Edelstein, Susan B., et al. Preparing and Partnering with Families to Support the Adoption of Children from Foster Care. Adoption Quarterly, vol. 20, no. 1, Jan-Mar 2017, pp. 119-133. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/10926755.2016.1170087. This article is about how the whole process people end up going through to adopt a child. Also the steps and order of on how the processing goes about. I am using this source in the report on showing that there are many steps and how it pretty much goes about. This source is reliable because I found it on the library database under the resources.    Provencher, Ashley J., et al. Adoption Policy and the Well-Being of Adopted Children in the United States. Child Welfare, vol. 95, no. 1, Jan. 2016, pp. 27-55. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=ehhAN=124228780site=ehost-live. This article is about stating the policies and rules of adopting children in the United States. Also it talks about how the percentage of children that need a little more attention behave without being in ASFA or APA. I am using this source because it’s helping me understand that there are rules to benefit the children. Also how there are people helping the special need kids or older kids get adopted by getting into a program. This source is reliable because this article is written by 3 professors. Fogle, Asher. â€Å"Surprising Facts You May Not Know About Adoption.† Good Housekeeping, Good Housekeeping, 21 Mar. 2018, www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/parenting/a35860/adoption-statistics/ .This article is about how many children that are adopted, in foster care, and how many US citizens consider adopting. Also it’s just about the important facts about adoption itself. This source is going to be used into my report by helping me tie in facts into the paragraphs. This writer of this article, Asher Fogle is reliable because she is a writer and is married to a composer.

Working under the influence Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Working under the influence - Coursework Example Schulte et al. (2014) further intimate that after notification to the counselor, the next step would be gathering the known concerns raised by the employees and the patient with respect to the conduct of Clark while on duty. These documentations would assist in mapping out potential issues for discussing with Clark against the expected conduct of employees as expressly stipulated in the employee guide and regulations. Here there will be documentation of specific mistakes in the performance of Clark while at work that raise concerns. I will seek the counselor’s help in proofing the documentation that concerns the conduct of Clark at work. Having the counselor go through the documentation would help equip the supervisor with material facts and complaints sequence against Clark. This arrangement would allow for flexibility in dealing with the misconduct in the case any of us approaches Clark for mentioning the mistakes and accusations leveled against her. In the case of Clark, intervention may also be another source of creating flexibility into the issue. In this case, there could be a session scheduled with Clark with the very important people in her life would be present such as fellow colleagues, the clergy, close friends and her spouse. This session has to go on through the guidance of a well-trained professional, in this case, a counselor. In this session, these important people in Clark’s life would directly inform Clark how her working under the influence affects them and what how it affects their co-existence. This method could best help Clark to avoid going into denial of her unacceptable and antisocial demeanor while at work. If this method leads to acceptance of the malpractice, it can be a very effective tool for having Clark acknowledges that she has a problem, which she needs to drop, and this may enable her to seek help. It is

The Ethics of Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Ethics of Human Resource Management - Essay Example are considered as inalienable rights for workers (Fredrick, 2002) and these can be considered as negotiable too (Koehn, 2002) (Watson, 2003). Human resources management is also expected to address the issues of discrimination such as age, race, gender, religion, disability, sexual harassment etc. often through the use of affirmative action. (Smith, 1997) In a similar manner the employees of an organisation have certain obligations towards employers such as privacy over intellectual property rights, whistle blowing etc. Employees are expected to deal with these issues on an ethical plane such that the interests of the employer are not transgressed upon. On the other hand, employers have certain ethical obligations towards employees such as workplace safety through either modifying the workplace or through providing training and protection from hazards in the workplace. Within the problems listed above, individual companies can be considered as independent because most of these considerations can be handled in house or with the help of little external help. However there are certain issues that may pervade the limits of a company or firm’s authority to deal with them. The realm of more pervasive economic issues such as trade policies, trade unionism, immigration and globalisation all possess some kinds of ethical dimensions but it is often beyond the power of an individual company to deal with them (Legge, 2007) (Morehead et al., 1997). There are a number of leading theories on dealing with ethical issues in the human resource management sphere including Kantian ethics, consequentialism utilitarianism, virtue ethics and justice ethics. Arguments have been advanced both in favour of and against these theories that tend to make human resources management ethical as well as an unethical field of practice. There is however no denying that ethics plays a large part in human resources management and in order to create a lasting and

AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1900 Assignment One Essay

AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1900 Assignment One - Essay Example He never looks up towards the heavenly things that are placed before him. He is offered a crown of jewels and a place in Paradise, but he will not stop for a moment to look up from his decidedly earthly labors to consider the benefit of the riches offered to him. In the novel, Bunyan used the character to symbolize those that are trapped in the most mundane and unpleasant aspects of earthly existence. He used the Man with the Muck Rake as a type and a warning to those who become too absorbed in the worldly to contemplate the heavenly. President Roosevelt’s remarks indicate that he felt the muckrakers of his time had their place in the world and that they served a useful purpose in society. He indicated that he believed that all evil should be exposed at all times. He mentioned that he supported the dogged pursuit of evil men by the just that would shed light on their evil deeds. So in some ways, it appears as though the muckrakers had the tacit approval of the president. But t he very name casts doubt on the amount that President Roosevelt really believed the muckrakers could help. The name, based on its origins, indicates a person or people that are very good at one thing and one thing only. They are dedicated to seeing only the basest of worldly pursuits. The name also seems to indicate that he felt the muckrakers were individuals of limited vision. They were, in essence, so busy raking muck that they never could bring themselves to look about at all of the good that was happening around them. They were more interested in seeing abuse and scandal at every turn than they were in reporting or commenting on things as they really were. This attitude towards the muckrakers seems to indicate that President Roosevelt did not believe that all of the reforms the muckrakers supported needed to result in legislation on in strict regulations on industry. In the case of the meat packing industry, he seems to be holding reform as a threat over the head of the industr y leaders. In essence, he is saying that if you don’t clean yourselves up you will destroy your own business and exports of your own products. Regulate your own affairs or they will be regulated for you. History shows that the industry did not regulate itself, resulting in the Meat Inspection Act of 1906 (Coles, 510). Part of the reason the President was so supportive of this piece of legislation is it was greatly demanded by the public. Work Cited Bunyan, John, and James Henderson Thomas. Pilgrims's Progress in Modern English. Chicago: Moody, 1964. Print. 7 Coles, Jessie V. The Consumer-buyer and the Market. New York: Arno, 1978. Print. 510 The events leading to World War I were largely the result of a system of reciprocal treaties that bound one country to enter a conflict if their allies were threatened. Like dominoes falling, on country after another entered the war after the assignation of the heir of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The Austro-Hungarian Empire declared war on Serbia. Germany was duty bound to support the Empire because of a mutual assistance treaty. But on the other hand, Russia, France, Great Britain and eventually Italy entered as allies against the Germans and Austrians. If everyone was to honor their obligations to the others, then everyone had to fight. The United States was committed to remaining neutral during the conflict. This was a position that was very popular in the United States and actually helped