Japanese Internment Essay -- Internment Japanese Americans History Ess

Japanese Internment The 1940’s was a turning point for American citizens because World War II was taking place during this time. Not only was America at odds with other countries, but also within its self. America is a huge melting pot full of diverse cultures and people from all nations. People travel from all over the world to the United States of America. These people had one goal in mind, a life of freedom and equal opportunity; or so they thought. The Japanese first began to immigrate to America in the 1860's in Hawaii. â€Å"Until the 1880’s only a handful settled in the United States. From then until 1924 when the United States excluded Japanese immigrants, less than 300,000 had settled in American territory.† (Davis, 1982) These people saw America as land of "freedom". So when they came to America they did everything they could as to not be associated with the likes of the Chinese culture, which were also migrating to America at this time. â€Å"Anti-Asian activists, who had first mobilized against Chinese immigrants when they began arriving in California in the 1840’s, employed the same â€Å"yellow peril† imagery to attack Japanese immigrants in the late nineteenth century.† (Murray, 2000) To the naked eye of Americans, the Japanese and Chinese people seem to be physically the same. Actually these were two totally different cultures. One of the first groups of Japanese who came to America was known as Gannenmono; who mostly resided on the west coast and Hawaii. They earned a rough living while working on sugar plantations. Because of the horrible working conditions, many of the immigrants often went on strike. The workers complained to the Japanese government, which in response sent an ambassador to settle the problems. The American born children of these immigrants are known as Issei; in other words, the first generation. This generation of people did everything they could to Americanize themselves. The second generation of children is known as Nisei. Even though these children were American, their families still wanted them to remember their culture. Therefore, many children of this generation had dual citizenship between Japan and America. Children were often sent back and forth over seas to stay with grandparents. Third generation Japanese-Americans are known as Sansei. There was also a generation called Kibei. These were American born citizens that m... ... the U.S. government. The Civil Liberties Act of 1988, signed by President Ronald Regan, provided an official apology from the U.S. government and an individual payment of $20,000 to each Japanese internee that was still living in 1988. Works Cited †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Daniels, Roger (1971). Concentration Camps USA: Japanese Americans and World War II. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, INC. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Daniels, Roger. (1972). Concentration Camps USA: Japanese Americans and World War II. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, INC. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Daniels, Roger. (1981). Concentration Camps: North America. Malabar, Florida: Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company, INC. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Davis, Daniel S. (1982). Behind Barbed Wire. New York: E.P. Dutton, INC. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hatta, Julie. (2002). Jainternment, http://www.jainternment.org/ †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ikeda, Tom. (2003). Densho, http://www.densho.org †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Murray, Alice Y. (2000). What Did the Internment of Japanese Americans Mean? Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Spicer, Edward H. (1969). Impounded People. Arizona: The University of Arizona Press. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Yu, John C. (1996). The Japanese American Internment, http://www.geocities.com/Athens/8420/main.html

Cameron Auto Parts Essay

Cameron Auto Parts was founded in 1965 in Canada by the Cameron family to seize opportunities created by the Auto Pact (APTA) of 1965 between the United States and Canada. The APTA allowed for tariff-free trade between the Big Three American automakers and parts suppliers and factories in both countries. The one caveat in the APTA to qualify for the zero-tariff trade was that companies must maintain assembly facilities on both sides of the border. Cameron Auto Parts specifically manufactured original equipment parts (OEM) such as small engine parts and accessories based upon design specs created by the Auto manufacturers and then sold these parts to the auto makers. Alex Cameron took the reins in 2001 and was immediately faced with a financial crisis. Sales in 2000 had dropped to $48 million and were only $18 million for the first six months of 2001. Cameron lost $2.5 million in 2000 and the same amount in the first six months of 2001. This decline was primarily due to declining auto sales of American cars and trucks and the increased presence of Japanese automakers. Market forces were driving the American firms to find ways to cut costs and modernize plants. Cameron used $10 million of its $12 million credit line to reinvest back into the firm by modernizing equipment and computer-assisted design and manufacturing systems. However, Cameron did not have its own design engineering team and relied on specs from the Big Three automakers for its products. This left Alex Cameron with an uneasy feeling that expansion into product design was essential for the long-term survival of the firm. In mid-2001, Cameron took the steps necessary to design and develop its own parts line. Cameron hired four design engineers and, by 2003, came up with a flexible coupling idea that would entice international buyers and not just the Big Three automakers. Cameron was then faced with the dilemma of how to market and sell the product. Projected sales of the new product in 2004 were between $35 and $40 million which was terrific but they weren’t sure they had the capacity to handle the production. They needed to decide if it was better to expand  current facilities, buy/ build a new facility, or license the fabrication of the product to outside companies. While on a vacation trip to Scotland, Alex went to check in on a local customer, McTaggart Supplies, Ltd, who convinced him that the flexible coupling product was in high demand in the U.K. and that more production was necessary to keep up with the demand. Alex decided at that meeting that Cameron would exclusively license the production of the flexible coupling to McTaggart in order to gain a stronger foothold in the U.K. for relatively little up-front investment. 1. Should Cameron have licensed McTaggart or continued to export? Cameron Auto Parts should license to McTaggart in the UK. It was one of Cameron’s key goals to penetrate foreign markets and the licensing agreement with McTaggart would be a swift way to begin executing this business strategy. McTaggart was in a superior position to penetrate the U.K. market due to a good cultural understanding and close proximity to potential clients. Once this business arrangement was proven successful, Cameron Auto Parts would be able to form similar agreements with other companies and expand to other foreign markets. McTaggart is an excellent licensee, as they are a reputable company in the U.K. with excellent credit, cost saving manufacturing practices, good market contacts, and 130 years of service in the business. They are also assuming most of the financial risk by paying Cameron Auto Parts the startup costs as well as a percentage of sales. Embarking on a licensing strategy would also eliminate the prohibitive cost of developing and maintaining a sales force in a foreign country that likely wouldn’t perform as well as a local company like McTaggart since customers had cultural ties and existing relationships with them. Additionally, orders can be filled more quickly as the product would be made locally reducing shipping costs and travel time. It was also a good decision for administrative and economic distance reasons. Since the product would be produced in the UK, it would not be subjected to excess cost of import duty, freight, insurance, or the value added tax. This would allow for the product to be sold at a more attractive price. Lastly, the value of the dollar fell during the original five year contract and the percentage of sales in pounds produced a higher dollar income for Cameron without changing the price of the products sold. The disadvantages of continuing to export are loss of  profits due to shipping costs, currency values, taxes and tariffs. The five year contract allows Cameron to evaluate the effectiveness of the licensing strategy and determine whether this is a profitable venture for the company. 2. Was Mc Taggart a good choice for licensee? Yes, McTaggart was a good choice as a licensee. They have all the tools necessary to successfully produce and sell the flexible couplings. †¢ McTaggart was already familiar with the product and had bought over U.S. $4,000 in the first four months in 2004. They had been able to sell the product as fast as it could be shipped and built a solid working relationship with Cameron as well as good credit. †¢ McTaggart has production experience that Cameron may benefit from and substantial room to increase production capacity. †¢ They have a solid reputation with great financial standing, excellent credit, and a capable sales staff to market and sell the product. †¢ They have manufacturing capacity and are willing to invest and develop the manufacturing capability to efficiently produce the flexible couplings. In addition, they have established a client base. 3. Was the royalty rate reasonable? A royalty rate is the money that must be paid to the owner of products (â€Å"the licensor†) from a buyer (â€Å"the licensee†). The amount of royalty fee is considered the fee for acquiring a patent or a copyright. In most businesses, a royalty fee applies when two or more companies have licensing agreements or sell the products in foreign countries. [i] In U.K., the normal rate of the royalty for licensing is around one and a half cent on each sale. However, Cameron Auto Parts was asking three per cent of sales from McTaggart. Although it was dropped down to 2 percent with a 5 year contract after negotiations, it is still higher than the normal rate. This seems reasonable as Mc Taggart will save a considerable amount of importation expense and will be able to sell the products at a lower rate than they can by importing. Cameron will have established an ongoing royalty income without incurring the overhead cost of production and sales expense. Cameron Auto Parts asks a higher royalty rate than normal rate because the company helps McTaggart choose equipment and provides training of operation  and production. Although McTaggart would like to pay these services separately, Cameron Auto Parts points out the benefits of getting services to keep higher royalty rate. With this five-year agreement, the royalty rate of two per cent is ensured in the first five years, but it will be down to one and a half per cent when the techniques of choosing equipment and operation have been acquired by McTaggart after five years. In conclusion, the royalty rate is reasonable for both parties involved. Cameron Auto Parts was able to enter the U.K. market expeditiously through McTaggart’s sales force, cut down on lead-times, save on duties, freight, and insurance and not be subject to currency fluctuations. McTaggart was able to sell a product already in demand, obtain training, focus on increasing sales and gain valuable insight into Cameron’s manufacturing process. Both companies would benefit from the shared knowledge they could provide each other, thus make the licensing agreement valuable for everyone involved. 4. What about the alternatives to licensing? The alternative to licensing would be to continue production and sell directly to McTaggart and other customers. This would involve dedicating a certain amount of production floor space to a market that is culturally and geographically distant and unpredictable. There is risk involved as the production space ties up cash flow and is not certain to produce profit. Travel expense would be incurred as company representatives would have to travel often to the U.K. in order to resolve issues or sell products. The sales side expense would be higher as well. More sales people would have to be employed to serve that region. They would either have to travel often or be based there and paid in pounds, which are currently stronger than the dollar. Instead of receiving a check from one contact that represents all sales for the whole area, Cameron would have to maintain relationships with various customers, which requires personalized attention to each and exposes him to having to perform collections and write off bad debt. Since unit production costs were estimated to decline 20% as annual sales climbed from $20 million to $100 million and Andy felt that the $20 million  mark was easily obtainable in the coming year, the continued value of exporting to Europe would have grown along with the European market. Looking at the pricing index, we can see that importing to Europe results in a cost of 113 to the importer. Since Cameron Auto Parts sell the flexible couplings at the same price to domestic and foreign distributors, licensing is an effective strategy to penetrate the European market while eliminating import and other logistical costs. Cameron Auto Parts would benefit most from a licensing agreement with McTaggart Supplies Ltd. Other options exist besides exporting or licensing such as a joint venture / wholly-owned subsidiary, selling through an agent, or selling through a distributor. Benefits to these strategies include reduced manufacturing cost, higher sales volume, and better market penetration and in some cases shared risk. The drawbacks to these methods include loss of price control, unpredictable sales volume, and loss of profits. [ii] Case Update Cameron Auto Parts enjoyed rapid growth during the 2004-2005. In 2004, the company undertook a major plant expansion for $10 million, adding 200,000 square feet to the company’s production capacity. Royalties from McTaggart during the first year of the licensing agreement were  £20,000; this grew to and  £100,000 the following year. High overall profitability left Cameron in a strong financial position in 2006. In 2006, Cameron was presented with an opportunity to purchase a 40 percent interest in Michelard & Cie., a family-owned distributor organization in France, which would allow Cameron to break into the continental European countries. Cameron agreed to the deal for $4 million and a royalty of 4 percent on sales of all flexible couplings. The deal enraged McTaggart, who had been selling flexible couplings in Europe and would now be competing with Michelard. Partly to appease McTaggart, Cameron agreed to a proposed joint venture in Australia. McTaggart would own 60 percent of the plant and be responsible for managing the venture.  According to McTaggart, local assembly in Australia could triple volume of current sales to around  £10 million. An investment of  £2 million could make around  £400,000 a year after Australian taxes while avoiding tariffs imposed on shipping finished products. This agreement would also position the firms to benefit from Australia’s free trade agreement with New Zealand. [iii] Cameron Auto Parts is very likely a pseudonym for Fernco, Inc., a flexible coupling manufacturer based outside of Detroit with a very similar history to that of Cameron Auto Parts. Fernco, Inc. is lead by Chris Cooper who, like Alex Cameron, took over the company from his father after graduating from Michigan business school. In addition to manufacturing facilities in Canada, the U.K., Australia and Germany, Fernco has expanded distribution to the E.U, New Zealand, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and China. [iv] ———————– [i] â€Å"Valuation Resource†Royalty Rates and License Fees.† Retrieved June 29, 2011 from < http://www.crucial-systems.com/dmbr/Mechanical_Royalties> â€Å"Mechanical Royalties.† Time. 05 December 2004. Retrieved June 29, 2011 from < http://www.crucial-systems.com/dmbr/Mechanical_Royalties> [ii] â€Å"Use These Top Five Strategies for Selling in International Markets.† Retrieved July 1, 2011 from [iii] Beamish, Paul and Crookell, Harold. â€Å"Cameron Auto Parts (B) – Revised.† Richard Ivey School of Business. University of Western Ontario. Jan 10, 2006. [iv] Ferno Company Website. Retrieved July 1, 2011 from . ———————– It is best NOT to start with a recommendation. I would first discuss the pros and cons of the issue on hand Cameron can simply do what it has been doing: Exporting. It is important that you should show licensing would be superior to exporting in order to advocate licensing These are good points. You realize the resources and capabilities of Cameron are limited. That is also a good point but that point supports the â€Å"exporting† option. There are other options as well: Joint Venture (JV) and foreign direct investment (FDI) are others to be considered. Take a look at the posted answers, especially, slide # 5 where a table lists pros and cons of each option in terms of various resource based factors. I must indicate my preference for such tabular presentations. They are simple, neat and to the point. All of your points are good. But they are one-sided. I am ALWAYS interested in a â€Å"balanced† analysis detailing not only points that support your perspective but also counter perspective. Please see the posted answers for such a perspective There is NO precise way of determining the royalty rate. Please see the posted answers for some guidance Not sure I understand this last point. Cameron is an Exporter. Why would they worry about import costs? Please take a look at the posted slides for this question. Good update. There are 2 things I suggest to improve your analysis: 1. Provide a balanced perspective. Nothing in this class is a clear pro or con. Every issue has both pros and cons. Both need to be studied carefully. 2. Incorporate other assigned readings into your analysis to provide evidence of learning. Some of the assigned readings could have easily been cited to support your viewpoint.

Similarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism - 843 Words

Religion seems to structure the way people think, but not necessarily change a person’s life, like magic. The only realistic thing we can say that’s close to magic, is science itself! However, It’s interesting to see that although Western culture is surrounded by the thought of Christianity, we can clearly see that the religion itself is fairly young. Take Hinduism and Buddhism, for example, which might be considered very similar in the fact that Buddhism was born from Hinduism. Although in Western context, Hinduism is referred to as a religion. Hindu traditionalists on the other-hand call it â€Å"Sanatana Dharma† and consider it a culture or a â€Å"way of life†. When we analyze the facts and break the two religions down, we can depict that both Hinduism and Buddhism have differences in views, practices, and beliefs. Although both religions originate from India, the views in both religion are quite different. Hinduism which has evidence that dates back to 10,000 B.C. focuses on understanding existence from within the Atman or â€Å"eternal self†, whereas Buddhism, beginning during the 6th century B.C. founded by Prince Siddhartha underlines finding the Anatman—â€Å"not self†. In other words, Hinduism views reality as all things united as one divinity, while Buddhism perceives reality as nothingness. The fact that one correlates to â€Å"nothingness†, while the other is â€Å"everything†, shows completely opposite views of both religions. Whether one chooses between everything or nothing, it’sShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism948 Words   |  4 PagesBoth Hinduism and Buddhism came from the region called India. Hinduism was the dominant one in the subcontinent, while Buddhism had to flee to other regions to spread its belief to th e people. The creation of Hinduism will eventually give birth to Buddhism later on. Even though both â€Å"religions† came from the same region, they have some similarities and differences between them. Hinduism from the start was a combination of different beliefs or ceremonies from the Indus Valley Civilization. All ofRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism995 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast Essay Hinduism and Buddhism There are more than seven billion people living across the world and about 19 major religions with about 270 subgroups. In many states and countries, there are two or more religions that are being practiced by its residents. Hinduism and Buddhism are two of the 19 major religions, that are widely practiced. Hinduism and Buddhism both have common origins, and share similar beliefs. Both Hinduism and Buddhism are religions that focus on the way to liveRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism856 Words   |  4 PagesLearning about both Hinduism and Buddhism, particularly about the art and architecture of both cultures made me realize they are not that different as I thought first. Both cultures are beautiful and rich, and if someone takes a deeper look can see that they are depending on each other. Many people forget that Buddha was born into a Hindu society, and his views and beliefs which led to a brand new culture are based on Hinduism. Of course I am not saying the two are the same because that wouldn’tRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism863 Words   |  4 PagesPHIL 2120 Paper #1 Xinyang Wang Comparison of Permanence between Hinduism and Buddhism Hinduism and Buddhism have common origins in the Ganges culture of northern India around 500 BCE. We have to admit that they share a lot of similarities, but also involve tons of differences. For example, as Hinduism claims that Atman is Brahman, Buddhism reject the existence of Atman. Hindus think that the way to becoming enlightened is to union with God, but Buddhists pursue a throughout understanding of theRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism975 Words   |  4 PagesHinduism and Buddhism have a connected history as both of these religions use similar teachings and terminologies to maintain order among their respective followers and societies. Ideally a society’s religious teachings should contribute to its political, social, economic and cultural discussions. However, correlating this way of thinking to a political theology may prove to be difficult because most people have more important matters to be concerned about than adhering to morale. Various peopleR ead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism1351 Words   |  6 Pagesreligions, Hinduism and Buddhism, that came out of India thousands of years ago. Though these two religions are old, they are still practiced today by millions of followers within the continent of Asia and the West. First, I would like to introduce the religion of Hinduism. The term Hinduism was derived a river of South Asia, the Indus. This term was used by the ancient Persians to classify the people of that region of the North-West territory of the subcontinent. Indian religion, Hinduism, was theRead MoreSimilarities Between Buddhism And Hinduism1404 Words   |  6 Pages Buddhism and Hinduism are closely related when comparing the two. Buddhism was created based on the ideologies of Hinduism. There differences on their views with the idea of self and transmigration. They compare with one another with the problems of having senses, desires and anger. Hinduism believes in everything being unified together as one ultimate reality, which is Brahman. Brahman is the truth of all. Atman is considered as the true and pure self. Atman and Brahman are identical with oneRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism942 Words   |  4 PagesCCOT Essay Hinduism and Buddhism were both founded and popular in northern India by 600 CE. Although Hinduism and the Hindu caste system maintained a strong influence in South Asia throughout 600-1750 CE, the Hindu majority eventually gave way as Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and syncretic faiths gradually moved in and across the Indian Ocean basin by 1750 CE. Even then, Hinduism did spread from northern India through southern India to Southeast Asia. The caste system was maintained from 600-1750Read MoreSimilarities and Difference Between Hinduism and Buddhism. Essay2345 Words   |  10 PagesSimilarities and difference between Hinduism and Buddhism. Buddhism believes in the process of reincarnation based on deeds of the present life. Hinduism also believes that everyone is a part of an impersonal world and therefore, ones soul reincarnates into another body of any being, based on the deeds of the present life. One has to work for salvation oneself and therefore, cannot blame others for the same. The salvation depends on the good deeds of a person. In Hinduism also, one attains salvationRead MoreThe Similarities and Differences between Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism1194 Words   |  5 Pagesteachings: Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism. These three sects in religious thinking have many similarities as all recognize the life-cycle and the need of liberation, they worship one central deity that used to be a human who gained enlightenment and they all recognize the existence of the eternal soul and after-death re-incarnation. However, they also share a lot of differences that mark the underlying principles of practicing them. I will identify the scope of differences and similarities in these

Compare and Contrast Essay of Mice and Men - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 639 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/09/18 Category People Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Compare and contrast essay Of Mice and Men The Story Of Mice and Men is about two buddies that go on to find work or any kind of income. The only problem is that lennie, one of the main characters, has a mental disability. Thankfully George, the other main character also lennie’s best friend, is around to help lennie. In the story more characters come into play including a nice old man named candy who has been working on the farm for many years. Like George candy has to take care of his old dog that he raised from a pup. Unfortunately one of Candy’s so called buddies took the dog out and shot him for the dogs own good. In the end George also loses his closest pal. Through the story George and candy have some similarities and differences. Similarities between George and candy are so similar that you would probably mistake them for the same character. One of the main similarities is that George and Candy both just want to get away and â€Å"live off the land. † In the story George proposes that Candy, Lennie and him go away and just forget all their problems, George of course would let lennie tend to the rabbits. When Candy here’s of the plan he wants in after he lived his life working for another man. Since they both just wanted to get away and felt the need to just leave George grew closer to candy friend wise. Ever since the plan was made they just could not wait including Candy which almost asked every time he and George met. Now in the story Candy and George both loose someone close to them. As you may or may not know loosing someone close to you hurts you a lot. Giving Candy in his old age loosing probably his only thing to a family or a relationship he felt very depressed. Although it may be funny to some that comparing George having to shoot his best pal Lennie in the back they both equally felt the pain. You can tell at the end when George kills lennie Candy then accepts George’s loss. George and Candy then grow in their friendship when they both realize to advance in life you need to make hard decisions that may be involving another person’s life. Now in the story there are many similarities between candy and George besides there need to get away and deal with hard choices in life. But no matter what character there are always some differences. One of the differences between the characters George and Candy is that candy likes to think ahead and plan for his future while George on the other hand would rather make a dream and fulfill it as soon as possible. A sample would be when George first proposed the plan that they shall live on their own farm making their own money Candy thought George was crazy. But when George showed that he was serious Candy joined right on board. Showing that It took some time for Candy to agree because he thought about how it would affect his life when George just went on the same road till his dream was fulfilled. In the end there are some similarities and some differences just how it was meant to be. Nothing will ever be the exact same no matter what you are comparing. Anything like comparing Coke to Pepsi or flat screen and a tube TV nothing will ever be the exact same. In the end I guess that the characters are more alike than different or the opposite depending on how you are viewing them. Overall though Candy and George look like they will have a bright future together no matter on how alike or how different they are. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Compare and Contrast Essay of Mice and Men" essay for you Create order

Is Feminism Bad For Multiculturalism - 1958 Words

In his lecture Is Feminism Bad for Multiculturalism?, Chandran Kukathas argues that the ideals of feminism and multiculturalism are fundamentally opposed to each other, and that when push comes to shove, it is multiculturalism that is ultimately more important to protect. He attempts to argue against Susan Okin s argument in her Is Multiculturalism Bad for Women? by first laying out her own argument and then arguing against her premises. I will do the same here, first summarizing Kukathas s argument and will then attempt to point out the flaws present in his lecture. One of the first points Kukathas brings up is the idea that, despite what some may choose to believe, there exists a serious conflict between multiculturalism and feminism. Kukathas agrees with Okin s definition of feminism- the belief that women should not be disadvantaged by their sex, that they should be recognized as having human dignity equal to that of men, and that they should have the opportunity to live as fulfi lling and as freely chosen lives as men can. Kukathas s broad definition of multiculturalism says that it deals with cultural diversity, not by assimilating, or expelling, cultural minorities but by accommodating them. These two definitions can easily come into conflict, as many cultures around the world are patriarchal, with women having lower status than the men of the society. Naturally, feminists are not likely to condone such a culture. Thus, Kukathas agrees with Okin that there isShow MoreRelated The Complex Relationship Between Multiculturalism and Feminism837 Words   |  4 PagesThe Complex Relationship Between Multiculturalism and Feminism These days, it seems that multiculturalism is generally an assumed good. 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Where as United KingdomRead MoreThe Enlightenment Of The American Mind : Two Perspectives Essay2189 Words   |  9 Pagesbeliefs contain the open principles of relativism and multiculturalism, both of which Bloom goes on to explain have no place nor value in the real world. This opening to principles of tolerance and acceptance, Bloom argues, have resulted in a closing of the American mind, discouraging students to discuss and promote their own ideas—specifically, those that do not conform to conventional ideals. At the university level, where multiculturalism has been promoted and allowed to thrive, Bloom finds that

Assisted Suicide Essay Conclusion Example For Students

Assisted Suicide Essay Conclusion To sanction the taking of innocent human life is to contradict a primarypurpose of law in an ordered society. A law or court decision allowingassisted suicide would demean the lives of vulnerable patients and exposethem to exploitation by those who feel they are better off dead. Such apolicy would corrupt the medical profession, whose ethical code calls onphysicians to serve life and never to kill. The voiceless or marginalizedin our society the poor, the frail elderly, racial minorities, millionsof people who lack health insurance would be the first to feel pressureto die. What about competent, terminally ill people who say they really wantassisted suicide?Suicidal wishes among the terminally ill are no less due to treatabledepression than the same wishes among the able-bodied. When their pain,depression and other problems are addressed, there is generally no moretalk of suicide. If we respond to a death wish in one group of people withcounseling and suicide prevention, and respond to the same wish in anothergroup by offering them lethal drugs, we have made our own tragic choice asa society that some peoples lives are objectively not worth protecting. How does cost enter into this issue?In an era of cost control and managed care, patients with lingeringillnesses may be branded an economic liability, and decisions to encouragedeath can be driven by cost. As Acting U.S. Solicitor General WalterDellinger warned in urging the Supreme Court to uphold laws againstassisted suicide: The least costly treatment for any illness is lethalmedication.Why are people with disabilities worried about assisted suicide?Many people with disabilities have long experience with prejudicialattitudes on the part of able-bodied people, including physicians, who saythey would rather be dead than disabled. Such prejudices could easilylead families, physicians and society to encourage death for people who aredepressed and emotionally vulnerable as they adjust to life with a seriousillness or disability. To speak here of a free choice for suicide is adangerously misguided abstraction. What is the view of the medical profession?The American Medical Association holds that physician-assisted suicide isfundamentally incompatible with the physicians role as healer. The AMA,along with the American Nurses Association, American PsychiatricAssociation and dozens of other medical groups, has urged the Supreme Courtto uphold laws against assisted suicide, arguing that the power to assistin taking patients lives is a power that most health care professionalsdo not want and could not control.What does the Church teach?Our moral tradition holds that human life is the most basic gift from aloving God a gift over which we have stewardship, not absolute dominion. As responsible stewards of life, we must never directly intend to cause ourown death or that of anyone else. Euthanasia and assisted suicide arealways gravely wrong. What about related issues, such as withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment?Careful stewardship of life does not demand that we always use everypossible means to prolong life. Treatment can be refused by a terminallyill patient when its burdens outweigh its benefits for that patient. Insuch cases, the basic care owed to every human being should still beprovided. We may reject particular treatments because they are tooburdensome; we must never destroy a human life on the ground that it is aburden. How is the practice of giving dying patients pain medication different fromassisted suicide?The intent of modern pain management is to control patients pain, not tokill the patient. Rarely is there any risk that pain medication willshorten a patients life by suppressing respiration, even as a side-effect,because patients regularly receiving morphine for pain control quicklydevelop a resistance to this effect. With modern pain control methods,physical suffering can be brought under control for all dying patients,almost always without resorting to sedation. As Pope John Paul II has said,pain management and other supportive care is the way of love and truemercy that we should offer to all dying patients, instead of offering toassist their suicides. .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 , .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 .postImageUrl , .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 , .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63:hover , .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63:visited , .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63:active { border:0!important; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63:active , .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63 .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u48874200af9cf17f8bae92c7e3cbac63:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Alcohol Abuse EssayWhat is the lesson of the Netherlands on assisted suicide?For years Dutch courts have allowed physicians to practice euthanasia andassisted suicide with impunity, supposedly only in cases where desperatelyill patients have unbearable suffering. In a few years, however, Dutchpolicy and practice have expanded to allow the killing of people withdisabilities or even physically healthy people with psychological distress;thousands of patients have been killed by their doctors without theirrequest. The Dutch example teaches us that the slippery slope is veryreal.

International Marketing Strategies an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

International Marketing Strategies As economies integrate and tariff barriers coming down the concept of globalization has truly taken the business world. To imp-rove efficiencies and create core competencies companies are increasingly looking forward to adopt global approach to leverage their skills and technology. But international markets are different from local markets in a sense that there are several factors which influence international markets hence while trying to part of global economy the company must consider the options carefully. The firms which have managed to grow locally and globally have reaped substantial fruits of their two pronged strategies. These companies were early starters in the international markets and their strategies right from product development to product innovations focused on global scale (Cavusgil, 2004) Need essay sample on "International Marketing Strategies" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Consumer goods companies fall in this category since their consumer base has similar usage patterns they have an advantage. We are witnessing growth in numbers of companies which can be called international. Companies have realized that global presence offers considerable leverage in operational terms and spreading of risks across the countries. Even though the resources like human capital, financial resources are scarce the companies which have started early have gained first mover advantage and reaped the rewards of their strategies. Such companies are known as global start-ups. In contrast to the companies that have focused on domestic development first and global later this early start ups have little to lose since they are on the learning curve besides focusing globally widens their perspective about products and consumer behavior which is an added advantage over the domestic players. The management of such companies have shown dedication and commitment to adopting themselves on a global scale and have found it easy to manage transition at managerial levels. Normally managers take time and are cautious about entering the new markets which are entirely different in respect of demographics, consumer behavior, and different political environments. Essentially the function of marketing is to satisfy the demand of the consumer through proper supply management, since the global markets are influenced by number of factors hence planning and proper implementation of strategy is essential to succeed in the globally competitive environment (McCall et. al 2004) Globalization has made product development easy in the sense that consumer is able to identify the brand regardless of markets, secondly the innovation in telecommunications, transport and logistics and production methods have been advantageous since it has lowered the transaction costs thereby adding to the profitability of the companies. Globalization has made companies more innovative and companies have successfully created a new knowledge base that has enhanced the organizations capabilities making them more competitive (Knight et. al 2004) International marketing is perse and complex than local marketing, the company which was used to the environment changes. Companies have to adept to newer cultures, new taste and preferences of consumers, they also have to deal with local legislations and people who often think differently then the companies. Such things are a big challenge for the company who has to be constantly alert and evolving and must have the ability to integrate with the local needs and culture. Global markets are governed by number of forces, company must be focused on its goals not only short term but long term as well. There are parameters like markets, cost factor, government policies and competition at various levels. People who buy companys products in home country do not translate into demand in global markets. The company has to standardize several processes at the same time should be willing to adept itself with the changes that are necessary for survival of the company in the global markets. While deciding on the international marketing companies must pay attention to the economic power of that country. The easiest and simplest way is to measure PPP or Purchasing Power Parity of the people of the country concerned. This will give an indication of whether the companys products would be able to create demand in short term or long term, Government policy too is very important, if the governments are unwilling to allow competition flourish and pursue the protectionist policy of local industry it would be difficult for company to manage effective growth. Another factor worth considering is whether the company would start the Greenfield project or would enter the markets through mergers and acquisitions. Greenfield projects might delay the companys plans to establish itself, while mergers and acquisitions would give an easy entry into the markets they might not always be effective. In such a scenario the company has to make conscious decision since an error in judgment may cause tremendous loss to the company putting at risk the strategy company has planned. Once the company gains entry its marketing mix has to change to adapt to the host countrys environment. This may ask for shift in policies that company has followed for the longer period of time. Since global expansion synergies the operations of the company giving it leverage of production and marketing mix the companies stand to benefit from global marketing. Sometimes companies may face the dilemma of whether to standardize the product but these factors can only be reviewed once the company becomes familiar with the local conditions including taste and preferences of the consumers and their spending habits. Different marketing approaches are needed for different markets. Let us examine the case of Nongshim, famous manufacturer of ramen noodles. Though it was a late starter in Korea way behind its competitors, its innovative marketing made the company market leader not only in Korea but in the world. What was the strategy adopted by Nongshim which catapulated it as market leader in the world in instant food business? Simple it followed what others were doing, but it was not plain imitation, it closely studied the food habits and preferences of Korean people and was successful in creating its own niche market. Today Nongshim sells 14 millions meals per day in the world. That was not the end; Nongshim demonstrated how global companies must evolve. When market for ramen stagnated, Nongshim looked for innovation. It offered its products in styreofoam cups where a person just had to pour boiling water in it and eat it. This saved lots of time and hassles of cooking ramen in the pan. Again ramen saw its sales soaring. International marketing is not just about selling products but constantly innovating and adepting to the changing environment as perfectly demonstrated by Nongshim. (Yoon, 1998) Thus companies not only have to focus on product development and market them but also have to learn to market the products creatively. In international markets knowledge plays vital role in determining the success of the company, thus companies have to focus on creating a knowledge value base internally, companies deriving knowledge from multiple sources are more likely to benefit as the fear of knowledge moving to competitors considera bly gets reduced (Knight et. al.) Organisational capabilities have assumed significance due to the volatile nature of the global markets the company is operating in and adapting to changed circumstances by generating faster response time thuis ensuring that the companys core does not get affected or threatned. To be successful in the fiercely competitive global world companies must be able to deliver consistent product developments conforming to high quality standards and ability to modify the products acording to the needs of the different countries. Rather then only focussing on selling the product through massive advertising campaigns or establishing distribution channnels companies have to focus on creative marketing (Manilla Bulletin, 2004) In other words creative m,arketing is also known as responsive marketing. Companies have to identify the needs of the consumer and design the product solution that best solves the problems the consumer is facing in using the product. This is not one time process but the continous learning curve the company has to walk through consumers mind. Responsive marketing may create wonders for the company who has single line product channel. Amazon.com is the classic case of response marketing. After identifying that consumer needed the advantage of reviewing and purchasing the books from the convenience of his home Amazon.com started selling books through the internet. Nobody thought that traditional method of browsing books in the library can be replaced by electronic books. What happened next is history, Amazon.com is regarded as pioneer who changed the way books are bought. It brought a whole new book buying experience with the convenience of browsing them and purchasing them without going through the hassles of visiting the library. This is what companies willing to establish their presence internationally must emulate. Though there are difficulties involved in international research and deriving the perfect solution that caters to the needs of the company the company must understand that international research involves trial and error and hence no strategy cannot be called as perfect and has to have provisions to evolve and improve over the period of time. International marketing strategy largely depends on the research data that the company has generated but even this research cannot be relied upon solely since it may contain the data which does not represent the data accurately for example the buying behaviour of Chinese may be different from Americans, Chinese may judge the product by its price while American consumer is concerned with utility that a product offers thus for the same product there are two inferences in two different countries. Thus International strategy not only has to take into consideration the data obtained from the country but the comparisons between the two countries are equally desirable (Reynolds et. el.) The strategies that a company can persue in international context can be product based and and market based. While focus on product based strategy would test the advantages and disadvantages of vertical and horizontal integration within the product lines, market based strategy is influenced based on the experiences of the company in its home country. While vertical integration can be used to acheive economies of scale which would give the company the leverage in terms of cost effectiveness while horizontal integration might benefit company in terms of profitabilty. Thus companies have to consider vertical and horizontal integration nwhich would guide the company in the making decisions in the extremely competitive global arena. The markets on global scale are continually evolving and experiences volatility hence a careful selection of the methods mentioned above are necessary while deciding to make an international foray. Managers are facing the challenge to effectively implement the strategies in the global markets combatting the forces which drive the markets. In such a scenario it becomes imperative for the manager to consider all the aspects carefully before venturing into the international foray. Thus to sum it up companies in order to survive in the international markets must be ready at times to face the volatility or other factors which directly or indirectly affects the economies the company is operating and willing to change its strategies instead of relying on time tested methods. The companies should build an early warning systems that would indicate the necessity in shift in the policies of the companies, secondly the products of the company must be viewed with different perception, rather then classifying the product into a commodity companies must look upon the product as a tool to survive in the market. The product innovation must be a continous process with innovations focussing on the need rather then creating simple brand extensions. Given the transformation of communication services which have resulted in easy access to the information companies must strive to know the minds of the consumer and must develop a mechanism whereby constant interaction with the customer can happen and companies can get instant feedbacks and react to them immediately. Development of efficient distribution channel is vital not to distribute the goods effectively but to create value in companys offering. Distribution should be done in such a way that it reduces cost at the same time maximises the value been offered to the customer and finally companies through interaction with the consumers must develop a product that perfectly matches the need of the consumer as this will help company tide over the turbulent times in the international markets. Reference: Cavusgil T.S., Knight G. A. (2004) Early Global Corporations. Journal of International Business Studies 35 (1),1. McCall J.B., Stone M. A. (2004). International Strategic Marketing: European Perspective. New York: Routledge. 47. Manilla Bulletin (2004) Business focus; creative marketing for local and international business. Newspaper N.A (N.A.), N.A. Reynolds N.L., Diamantopoulos A., Simintiras Ac. (2003). Theoretical Justification of sampling choices in International Marketing Research: Key issues and guidelines for researchers. Journal of International Business Studies 34 (1), 1 Suck-Chun Yoon. (1998). A Successful Strategy of Follow the Leader Combined with Cultural Adaptation: A Food Company Case. . International Studies of Management & Organization. 28 (4), 49